Obstacles of Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Bacterial 16S rDNA: Primer Specifity and DNA Decontamination of Taq Polymerase.

Obstacles of Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Bacterial 16S rDNA: Primer Specifity and DNA Decontamination of Taq Polymerase.

BACKGROUND: Detection of bacteria by PCR applied for screening blood and blood products with special attention platelet concentrates. For practical use is expected that the detection system including Gram-positive, Gram-negative and Gram-bacterial non-stainable. It is quite challenging to achieve high sensitivity with clear negative controls with PCR reagents, due mainly Taq DNA polymerase is contaminated with traces of bacteria.

METHODS: Bacterial decontamination of Taq DNA polymerase tested by two different methods using restriction enzymes Sau 3A1 and microfiltration. Besides the commercially available Taq polymerase depleted bacterial DNA was included.A published real-time PCR specific for Gram-negative bacteria adapted to Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus species specific and Mycobacteria, and is used to fill three Taq polymer-ases discharged from bacteria

RESULTS DNA contamination: Despite published reports of successful DNA decontamination , all three approaches perform poorly in experiments conducted in this study. Sensitivity ranges from about 50-100 colony units (CFU) per PCR reaction to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis, corresponding to 1.250 to 2.500 CFU / ml sample material. Conclusion: It seems unsatisfactory to receive a high detection limit for the PCR bacteria even if highly multiplexed diagnostics. a reliable method for the decontamination of Taq DNA polymerase is required and will present one important step towards the detection of bacterial DNA with high sensitivity.


DNA analysis is the main procedure in genetic engineering. This time the analysis is often done by PCR with Taq DNA polymerase. Although the price of the last enzyme is quite low, the demand for analysis of various results in a lot of spending money that is not affordable for many laboratories. Meanwhile, many screening duties do not require highly purified enzyme. Taking into account the unique nature of the enzyme that allows for little simplifies the production without the use of expensive techniques such as column chromatography or the length and / or dialysis.

The following data routine use of Taq DNA polymerase is prepared in accordance with the protocol developed in our laboratory are presented. protocols only take a few hours to realize and does not need to be a qualified technician or costly equipment. But give an enzyme preparation suitable for most screening purposes. Taq DNA polymerase isolated stock can be stored as ammonium sulfate suspension in the refrigerator for a long time, not less than 6 months. Working enzyme solution prepared from stock suspension on demand, no more than once a month and can be stored well in the refrigerator.

 Obstacles of Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Bacterial 16S rDNA: Primer Specifity and DNA Decontamination of Taq Polymerase.
Obstacles of Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Bacterial 16S rDNA: Primer Specifity and DNA Decontamination of Taq Polymerase.

Selection of Taq DNA polymerase efficiently to optimize the T-DNA genotyping method for the rapid detection of mutant Arabidopsis thaliana plants.

Port plant homolog of various animal genes involved in the metabolism of phosphorus, telomere biology and other cellular processes. Compared to experiment with many other multicellular organisms, research in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana take advantage of a short generation time and increasing warehouse of genetic tools and GMOs, including a large collection of T-DNA knockout and line activation.

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5 units/µl

ABP-PP-ERTQ200 200U Ask for price

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5 units/µl

ABP-PP-ERTQ500 500U Ask for price

3G HotStart Taq DNA Polymerase (5u/ul)

3GHST81 5x500U
EUR 896.24

Taq DNA Polymerase (High Purity), 5u/ul

HTD0078 5X200U
EUR 129.6

Bst DNA Polymerase Large Fragment

P701-01 800 U
EUR 146.4

Bst DNA Polymerase Large Fragment

P701-02 8000 U
EUR 325.2

Bst DNA Polymerase, Large Fragment

M1213-200 each
EUR 346.8

Bsu DNA Polymerase Large Fragment

M1214-200 each
EUR 477.6

Taq DNA Polymerase

BA00103 500U
EUR 104.4
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA Polymerase

BA00104 1000U
EUR 147.6
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA Polymerase

BA00105 2500U
EUR 278.4
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA polymerase

BT10101 500U
EUR 96
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA polymerase

BT10102 1000U
EUR 130.8
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA polymerase

BT10103 2000U
EUR 200.4
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA Polymerase

9001-2500 each
EUR 614.4

Taq DNA Polymerase

9001-500 each
EUR 229.2

Taq DNA Polymerase

L7051001 1000 unit
EUR 159

Taq DNA Polymerase

L7051200 200 unit
EUR 41

Bst II DNA Polymerase Large Fragment

P702-01 1,600 U
EUR 22

DNA Polymerase I Large (Klenow) Fragment

M1212-100 each
EUR 333.6

Taq DNA Polymerase (3000U)

9K-001-0002 3000U
EUR 582

Taq DNA Polymerase (6000U)

9K-001-0033 6000U
EUR 1234.5

Taq DNA Polymerase (1000U)

9K-001-0035 1000U
EUR 418.62

Taq DNA Polymerase (500U)

9K-001-0001 500U
EUR 209.29

Bst II Pro DNA Polymerase Large Fragment

P703-01 1,600 U
EUR 29.39

Bst II Pro DNA Polymerase Large Fragment

P703-02 8,000 U
EUR 116

Taq HS DNA Polymerase

P132-d1 500 U
EUR 38.28

Taq HS DNA Polymerase

P132-d2 1,000 U
EUR 71.34

Taq HS DNA Polymerase

P132-d3 5,000 U
EUR 324.8

Taq DNA Polymerase (PCR)

G008 5000 U (1.0 ml)
EUR 246

Taq DNA Polymerase (PCR)

G009 1000 U (200 ul)
EUR 104.4

Taq DNA Polymerase (PCR)

G126 10000 U (2 x 1.0 ml)
EUR 370.8

Taq DNA polymerase (+dNTPs)

02-001 200U
EUR 183.6
Description: The Taq DNA polymerase (+dNTPs) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur.

Taq DNA polymerase (+dNTPs)

02-001-5 5×200U
EUR 308.4
Description: The Taq DNA polymerase (+dNTPs) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur.

Taq DNA polymerase (-dNTPs)

02-011 200U
EUR 168
Description: The Taq DNA polymerase (-dNTPs) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur.

Taq DNA polymerase (-dNTPs)

02-011-5 5×200U
EUR 261.6
Description: The Taq DNA polymerase (-dNTPs) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur.

Maximo Taq DNA Polymerase

S101 500 units
EUR 55.2

Maximo Taq DNA Polymerase

S102 5x500 units
EUR 128.4

Maximo Taq DNA Polymerase

S103 20x500 units
EUR 393.6

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕

T2200-050 500units
EUR 157.2

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕

T2200-100 2x500 units
EUR 230.4

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕

T2200-200 4x500 units
EUR 375.6

Hotstart Taq DNA Polymerase

L7052001 1000 units
EUR 567

Hotstart Taq DNA Polymerase

L7052250 250 units
EUR 159

Champagne Taq DNA Polymerase

P122-d1 500 U (2.5 U/μl)
EUR 212.4

Champagne Taq DNA Polymerase

P122-d2 500 U (5 U/μl)
EUR 212.4

Champagne Taq DNA Polymerase

P122-d3 500 U (10 U/μl)
EUR 212.4

ACTaq? Taq DNA Polymerase, 1000U

E2100-1000U each
EUR 260.4

Taq DNA Polymerase - 5,000 units

3245 1/EA
EUR 620.4

Recombinant Taq Dna Polymerase

27079804 EACH
EUR 117.6

Recombinant Taq Dna Polymerase

27079806 EACH
EUR 639.6

Taq DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)

abx073521-10000U 10000 U
EUR 710.4

Taq DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)

abx073521-1000U 1000 U
EUR 276

Taq DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)

abx073521-3000U 3000 U
EUR 393.6

Recombinant Taq DNA Polymerase

7-03634 1,000U Ask for price

Recombinant Taq DNA Polymerase

7-03635 3,000U Ask for price

Recombinant Taq DNA Polymerase

7-03636 10,000U Ask for price

ACTaq? Taq DNA Polymerase, 250U

E2100-250U each
EUR 122.4

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase

P201-01 250 U
EUR 147.6

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase

P201-02 1000 U
EUR 213.6

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase

P201-03 3000 U
EUR 382.8

DNA Polymerase I, Large (Klenow) Fragment - 1,000 units

3262 1/EA
EUR 346.8

Genorise® Taq DNA Polymerase

GR108007 200 tests
EUR 230

YEA taq DNA Polymerase wiodNTP

FYT011-500U 500U Ask for price

Cenarchaeum symbiosum DNA polymerase II large subunit (polC)

1-CSB-EP370095DRA
  • EUR 745.20
  • EUR 457.20
  • EUR 2331.60
  • EUR 1058.40
  • EUR 1602.00
  • EUR 541.20
  • 100ug
  • 10ug
  • 1MG
  • 200ug
  • 500ug
  • 50ug
Description: Recombinant Cenarchaeum symbiosum DNA polymerase II large subunit(polC),partial expressed in E.coli

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (PCR)

G012 250 U (50 ul)
EUR 87.6

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (PCR)

G040 1000 U (200 ul)
EUR 127.2

Recombinant (E.Coli) Taq DNA Polymerase

RP-394 1000 IU
EUR 196.8

Taq DNA Polymerase Polyclonal Antibody

7018-100 each
EUR 424.8

Taq DNA Polymerase Polyclonal Antibody

7018-30T each
EUR 175.2

YEA taq DNA Polymerase wi dNTP

FYT001-500U 500U Ask for price

ACTaq? Taq Blue DNA Polymerase, 1000U

E2100B-1000U each
EUR 272.4

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ plus Buffer)

P101-01 1000 U
EUR 145.2

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ plus Buffer)

P101-02 5000 U
EUR 231.6

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ plus Buffer)

P101-03 10000 U
EUR 314.4

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ free Buffer)

P102-01 1000 U
EUR 145.2

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ free Buffer)

P102-02 5000 U
EUR 231.6

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ free Buffer)

P102-03 10000 U
EUR 314.4

ACTaq? Taq Blue DNA Polymerase, 250U

E2100B-250U each
EUR 126

T4 DNA Polymerase, 5u/ul

BEP0061 100U
EUR 153.97

Taq DNA polymerase (TQ21) , DNA Aptamer, unlabeled

AD-146-U Custom Ask for price

Pfu DNA Polymerase, 5u/ul

B0093(D0090P) 500U
EUR 164.4

Tsg DNA Polymerase, 5u/ul

D0081 5X200U
EUR 112.2

Cheetah Hot Start Taq DNA Polymerase

29050 500EU
EUR 355.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 500EU

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)

abx073522-2500U 2.500 U
EUR 710.4

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)

abx073522-250U 250 U
EUR 276

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)

abx073522-750U 750 U
EUR 393.6

Recombinant Taq Plus DNA Polymerase

7-03631 250U Ask for price

Recombinant Taq Plus DNA Polymerase

7-03632 750U Ask for price

Recombinant Taq Plus DNA Polymerase

7-03633 2,500U Ask for price

Taq HS DNA Polymerase (Glycerol-free)

QL101-01 1,000 U
EUR 71.2

Taq HS DNA Polymerase (Glycerol-free)

QL101-02 5,000 U
EUR 324.8

Taq HS DNA Polymerase (Glycerol-free)

QL101-03 50,000 U
EUR 2900

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕ , Bulk Packing

T2200-B01 10,000 units
EUR 1388.4

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕ , Bulk Packing

T2200-B05 5x10,000 units
EUR 6540

Taq DNA polymerase (TQ21) , DNA Aptamer, Biotinylated

AD-146-B Custom Ask for price

amfiSure Hot-Start Taq DNA Polymerase

P0322-010 100 units
EUR 176.4

amfiSure Hot-Start Taq DNA Polymerase

P0322-025 250 units
EUR 273.6

Taq DNA Polymerase with dNTP Mix (6000U)

9K-001-0018 6000U
EUR 1536.74

Taq DNA Polymerase with dNTP Mix (500U)

9K-001-0031 500U
EUR 351.28

Taq DNA Polymerase with dNTP Mix (3000U)

9K-001-0032 3000U
EUR 1088.87

Taq DNA Polymerase with dNTP Mix (1000U)

9K-001-0034 1000U
EUR 518.84

HiQTM Taq Red DNA Polymerase, 1unit/㎕

T2201-050 500units
EUR 157.2

HiQTM Taq Red DNA Polymerase, 1unit/㎕

T2201-100 2x500 units
EUR 230.4

HiQTM Taq Red DNA Polymerase, 1unit/㎕

T2201-200 4x500 units
EUR 375.6

Genorise® CLT Taq DNA Polymerase (1000 U)

GR108003 1000 U
EUR 199

Maximo DFS-Plus Taq DNA Polymerase DNA-free

N140 500 units
EUR 60

Maximo DFS-Plus Taq DNA Polymerase DNA-free

N142 5x500 units
EUR 144

Maximo DFS-Plus Taq DNA Polymerase DNA-free

N144 20x500 units
EUR 440.4

Taq DNA polymerase (TQ21) , DNA Aptamer, FITC labeled

AD-146-F Custom Ask for price

Taq DNA Polymerase 2x Premix - 500 Reactions

3249 1/EA
EUR 228

HotStart Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ Plus Buffer)

RK20601 25 U Ask for price

Recombinant (E.Coli) Taq Plus DNA Polymerase

RP-395 250 U
EUR 196.8

Taq DNA Polymerase, Ultra Pure, 5 units/ul

T2016-001 1000 units
EUR 198

Taq DNA Polymerase, Ultra Pure, 5 units/ul

T2016-005 5000 units
EUR 360

Taq DNA Polymerase, Ultra Pure, 5 units/ul

T2016-010 10,000 units
EUR 699.6

Taq DNA Polymerase, Ultra Pure, 5 units/ul

T2016-100 100,000 units
EUR 3462

Fast-Taq DNA Polymerase (500U)

9K-001-0036 500U
EUR 420.65

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0330-010 100 units
EUR 180

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl3

P0330-020 2x100 units
EUR 286.8

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0330-050 5X100 units
EUR 465.6

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0330-250 25X100 units
EUR 2004

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0330-500 50X100 units
EUR 3591.6

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ plus Buffer, with dNTP)

P101-d1 1000 U
EUR 163.2

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ plus Buffer, with dNTP)

P101-d2 5000 U
EUR 320.4

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ plus Buffer, with dNTP)

P101-d3 10000 U
EUR 490.8

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ free Buffer, with dNTP)

P102-d1 1000 U
EUR 163.2

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ free Buffer, with dNTP)

P102-d2 5000 U
EUR 320.4

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ free Buffer, with dNTP)

P102-d3 10000 U
EUR 490.8

Reversible 1-min Hot Start Taq DNA Polymerase

P950 - Ask for price

Reversible 1-min Hot Start Taq DNA Polymerase

P950L - Ask for price

Taq DNA Polymerase - 5,000 units with separate dNTP Mix

3245d 1/EA
EUR 802.8

Anti-Taq DNA Polymerase Antibody

48369-100ul 100ul
EUR 399.6

Anti-Taq DNA Polymerase Antibody

48369-50ul 50ul
EUR 286.8

DFS-"HOT" Taq DNA Polymerase (DNA-free sensitive, E-coli. DNA Free)

N150 500 units
EUR 122.4

DFS-"HOT" Taq DNA Polymerase (DNA-free sensitive, E-coli. DNA Free)

N152 5x500 units
EUR 472.8

DFS-"HOT" Taq DNA Polymerase (DNA-free sensitive, E-coli. DNA Free)

N154 20x500 units
EUR 1830

Taq Pro Multiplex DNA Polymerase (High sensitivity)

PM201-01 200 rxns
EUR 72.5

Taq Pro Multiplex DNA Polymerase (High sensitivity)

PM201-02 1,000 rxns
EUR 290

Taq Pro Multiplex DNA Polymerase (High specificity)

PM202-01 200 rxns
EUR 72.5

Taq Pro Multiplex DNA Polymerase (High specificity)

PM202-02 1,000 rxns
EUR 290

Recombinant MeV Large Polymerase Protein

VAng-Lsx0385-inquire inquire Ask for price
Description: Recombinant MeV Large Polymerase containing the large polymerase immunodominant regions, 58-149 amino acids was expressed in E. coli and purified by proprietary chromatographic technique.

Maximo Blue-Taq DNA Polymerase (ready-to-load, conc. 1u/µl)

S111 500 units
EUR 63.6

Maximo Blue-Taq DNA Polymerase (ready-to-load, conc. 1u/µl)

S112 5x500 units
EUR 148.8

Maximo Blue-Taq DNA Polymerase (ready-to-load, conc. 1u/µl)

S128 20x500 units
EUR 487.2

Maximo Blue-Taq DNA Polymerase (ready-to-load, conc. 1u/µl)

S129 100x500 units or as bulk
EUR 2142

Measles Virus Large Polymerase (58-149) Protein

20-abx260296
  • EUR 1062.00
  • EUR 410.40
  • EUR 1930.80
  • 0.5 mg
  • 100 ug
  • 1 mg

Measles Virus Large Polymerase (2059-2183) Protein

20-abx260297
  • EUR 1062.00
  • EUR 410.40
  • EUR 1930.80
  • 0.5 mg
  • 100 ug
  • 1 mg

HiQTM Taq Red DNA Polymerase, 1unit/㎕ , Bulk Packing

T2201-B01 10,000 units
EUR 1388.4

HiQTM Taq Red DNA Polymerase, 1unit/㎕ , Bulk Packing

T2201-B05 5x10,000 units
EUR 6540

Recombinant Measles Virus Large Polymerase (58-149)

7-07837 100µg Ask for price

Recombinant Measles Virus Large Polymerase (58-149)

7-07838 500µg Ask for price

Recombinant Measles Virus Large Polymerase (58-149)

7-07839 1000µg Ask for price

Recombinant Measles Virus Large Polymerase (2059-2183)

7-07843 100µg Ask for price

Recombinant Measles Virus Large Polymerase (2059-2183)

7-07844 500µg Ask for price

Recombinant Measles Virus Large Polymerase (2059-2183)

7-07845 1000µg Ask for price

Hot Start Taq DNA Polymerase - 1000 units with seperate dNTP mix

3293d 1/EA
EUR 428.4

amfiSure Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0310-025 250 unit
EUR 200.4

amfiSure Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0310-050 2X250 unit
EUR 300

amfiSure Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0310-100 4X250 Unit
EUR 505.2

amfiSure Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0310-250 10X250 Unit
EUR 886.8

Maximo Taq DNA Polymerase (2X pre-mix, ready-to-use)

S113 2x100 rcs
EUR 79.2

Maximo Taq DNA Polymerase (2X pre-mix, ready-to-use)

S114 10x100 rcs
EUR 231.6

Maximo H-SPlus Taq DNA Polymerase (for Hot-Start PCR)

S400 200 units
EUR 86.4

Maximo H-SPlus Taq DNA Polymerase (for Hot-Start PCR)

S410 1000 units
EUR 231.6

amfiEco Taq DNA Polymerase, 1 unit/ul,Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0701-050 500 units
EUR 198

amfiEco Taq DNA Polymerase, 1 unit/ul,Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0701-102 25x500 units
EUR 1712.4

amfiEco Taq DNA Polymerase, 1 unit/ul,Including dNTP&MgCl2

P0701-500 10X500 units
EUR 886.8

Recombinant (E.Coli) Measles Virus Large Polymerase (58-149)

RP-651 100 ug
EUR 343.2

Recombinant (E.Coli) Measles Virus Large Polymerase (2059-2183)

RP-653 100 ug
EUR 343.2

Anti-Taq DNA Polymerase Conjugated Antibody

C48369 100ul
EUR 476.4

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included

P7002-500 500 units
EUR 262.8

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included

P7002-502 2x500 units
EUR 424.8

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included

P7002-510 10x500 units
EUR 1647.6

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included

P7002-525 25x500 units
EUR 3624

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included

P7002-550 50x500 units
EUR 6459.6

EZ Taq Polymerase (HotStart)

9K-005-0020 500U
EUR 245.83

Accuris Taq Polymerase, 1000 units

PR1000-1000 1 PC
EUR 167.1

Accuris Taq Polymerase, 6000 units

PR1000-6000 1 PC
EUR 853.3

Recombinant (E.Coli) purified Measles virus Large Polymerase (2059-2183)

RP-1612 100 ug
EUR 416.4

Recombinant (E.Coli) purified Measles virus Large Polymerase (58-149)

RP-1613 100 ug
EUR 416.4

Accuris Taq Polymerase, 500 units

PR1000-500 1 PC
EUR 103.6

TaqFast DNA Polymerase (PCR)

G277 250 U (50 ul)
EUR 87.6

TaqFast DNA Polymerase (PCR)

G278 1000 U (200 ul)
EUR 160.8

Recombinant MeV Active Large Polymerase Protein (aa 58-149)

VAng-Lsx0397-inquire inquire Ask for price
Description: Measles Active Large Polymerase protein (aa 58-149), recombinant protein from E. coli.

Recombinant MeV Active Large Polymerase Protein (aa 2059-2183)

VAng-Lsx0399-inquire inquire Ask for price
Description: Measles Active Large Polymerase protein (aa 2059-2183), recombinant protein from E. coli.

DNA Polymerase

ABD3082 100 ug
EUR 525.6

DNA Polymerase

ABF5235 100 ug
EUR 525.6

Fast-Taq DNA Polymerase with 10mM dNTP Mix (500U)

9K-001-0003 500U
EUR 575.22

Fast-Taq DNA Polymerase with 10mM dNTP Mix (2500U)

9K-001-0004 2500U
EUR 2465.38

Available to the public availability of thousands of transgenic Arabidopsis lines provide a unique opportunity to address a number of important biological questions. However, the identification of T-DNA mutant of an individual plant seedlings provided by the distribution centers stock biological remains laborious and time-consuming procedure.

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